what you are talking about is a technology called WiMax, WiFi in steroids. You probably know WiFi has the range of only 300ft, but WiMax can cover the whole city and more.
I believe Philadelphia has or is in the process of being the first city with WiMax, thanks to Verizon(I am not sure about the company). Google wants to do the same for San Fran. Only yesterday, Intel made public its billion dollar plan (yes, that's with "b") of bringing internet technologies to developing countries and WiMax is at the top of their list.
Well those are enablers. There certainly are detractors and inhibitors such as ISPs, telecoms and cable operators who don't want this to happen because it will directly harm their bottom line and they are lobbying the senate and the house quite desparately.
Let's see what happens. I am certain it is a matter of when, not if.